In 1924 krupp built the steam turbine locomotive t18 001, operational in 1929, for deutsche reichsbahn. Turbine is an engine that converts energy of fluid into mechanical. Steam turbine drives are equipped with throttling valves or nozzle governors to modulate steam flow and achieve variable speed operation. Lp turbine breakable diaphragms zcover seals leaking diaphragm thus eliminating air inleakage. For the lp turbine, siemens retrofitted the existing fivestage bb73 design with a sevenstage bb738. Stationary turbine blade having diaphragm construction. Thus, the better the design of the blade, the more efficient the turbine will be. As little as a 5% deviation of total nozzle area can equate to a significant loss in both heat rate and output of your turbine. The builtup rotor the integral rotor the hollow drum rotor the solid. This is caused by a region of increasing pressure toward the stagnation point of a. The inlet of the nozzle should be so designed as to utilize the carry over energy from the previous stage to the largest possible extend. Steam turbine diaphragm steam turbine is comprising of stages, number and size of the stages depands upon the break horse power of the turbine.
The steam turbine of the present invention also provides an adjustable support bar attached to at least the upper half or the lower half of the diaphragm. Dec 09, 2016 steam turbine construction, steam turbine maintenance, steam turbine assembly process clearances, steam turbine assembly steam turbine assembly ppt, steam turbine assembly procedure steam turbine. As the high pressure steam flows from turbine inlet to turbine outlet, the thermal energy is extracted from the expanding steam to do mechanical work on a rotating shaft. The other is a reaction design, and it operates on the principle that the rotor derives its rotational force from the steam as it leaves the blades. Steam turbine diaphragm a steam turbine has moving and fixed blades, the stationary blades are fixed onto the diaphragm. In the case of condensing steam turbine to prevent the air ingression at the shaft seal by gland condenser and ejector arrangementsas per api 612.
Our steam turbine portfolio spans across all fuels, from gas and coal to nuclear applications from 100 mw to 1,900mw. To turn the huge volume of steam through 90 without bunching, curved vanes are employed and, by careful design, these can be made to have a diffusing action i. All of the diaphragm centers have to sit at a certain horizontal and vertical deviation from a reference line to within 0. Jul 15, 2003 the various embodiments described above may be implemented on a variety of steam turbine types andor sections. Each impulse steam turbine located at saudi aramcos uthmaniyah and shedgum gas plants is, per design, a multistage and multivalve, noncondensing unit with a power output of 32239 hp at a rotor speed of 57 rpm. The design of nozzle should be such as to permit easy manufacturing and finishing and allow accurate channel sections to be obtained specially at the high pressure end of the turbine. A steam turbine diaphragm is also a very difficult component to manufacture due to the following conflicting requirements. Region of high turbulence between control stage and second stage. More robust design of zjoint diaphragm compared to standard split blade design to eliminate. The design of reliable, efficient steam turbines requires the application of many diverse areas of technology. The end result of a diaphragm alignment is to have all of the diaphragms lined up when the turbine is running. The dynamic balancing test before delivery is to ensure that the bearing seat vibration bidirectional is no more than 0.
Diaphragms are a key component to the overall performance of your steam turbine, and the degradation of the diaphragms can have a big impact. A steam turbine locomotive engine is a steam locomotive driven by a steam turbine. Steam turbine is device where kinetic energy heat converted into mechanical energy in shape of rotation. Which of the listed conditions aids in directing gland leak off steam from the low pressure propulsion turbine to pass through the gland exhaust condenser. This usually means protecting the steam turbine from overspeeds, water induction, loss of lube oil, corrosive steam, and sticking valves that could cause major damage to the turbine, and conducting internal inspections of the turbine. Assembly diaphragm,steam seal preventive maintenance new part installed. Us7458770b2 adjustable support for steam turbine diaphragms. Steam turbines can usually operate across a broad speed range and do not fail when overloaded. Consider steam turbine drives for rotating equipment steam turbines are well suited as prime movers for driving boiler feedwater pumps, forced or induceddraft fans, blowers, air compressors, and other rotating equipment. The condensing steam turbine is a conventional steam turbine in which the steam exiting the turbine exhaust is condensed to provide the maximum energy capture. Steam turbine diaphragm dishing repair ge power diaphragm dishing can lead to costly repairs diaphragm dishing is a known issue on most steam turbines. It is an inauspicious variable that conceivably holds the fate of the human race and the very survival of all life on earth in its tiny, asymmetrical hands. Steam turbine interview questions are you a person with a degree in mechanical or technical engineering.
Steam turbines construction of nozzles and diaphragm. Our facility in worcester, uk specializes in the repair and upgrade of steam turbine and compressor blades, repair of diaphragms and nozzles. Steam turbine diaphragm manufacturing sandvik coromant. Lastly, the stage 15 diaphragm was assembled to the stage 16 diaphragm. This paper discusses the basic steam turbine design philosophy used by ge and summarizes some of the key technology programs which will support steam turbine designs for the 90s. The steam turbine rotors must be designed with the most care as it is mostly the highly stressed component in the turbine. Steam turbine design options, how to specify or upgrade 31 figure 4. The crossover steam conditions from the hpip turbine remained the same as for.
A single curtis stage may consist of two or more rows of moving blade. Ger 37e advances in steam path technology semantic scholar. A steam turbine is a device that extracts thermal energy from pressurized steam and uses it to do mechanical energy on a rotating output shaft. The steam turbine drive is capable of serving the same function as a variable speed drive electric motor driver. Steam turbineassembly processclearances 24 youtube. The turbine design provides for 1 500 psi steam to enter the steam chest through one. Our platforms can accommodate a wide range of site conditions, operational needs, and advanced steam cycles and applications. Steam turbine technology kth royal institute of technology web.
Modern steam turbines frequently employ both reaction and impulse in the. Over the years bwc technologies performed many diaphragm repairs due to wet steam erosion even on cast stainless steel diaphragms. The impulse wheel and diaphragm construc tion used on ge steam turbines is by far the most important single design concept to mini mize thermal stress and. Turbine blade attachment to the rotor the attachment of the turbine blades to the rotor is the most critical aspect of steam turbine design. Us7329098b2 adjustable support bar with adjustable shim. Steam turbine converts a part of energy of the steam at high temperature. The steam turbine rotors must be designed with the most care as it is. The design of a turbine rotor depends on the operating principle of the turbine. Once all machining was completed, a final nde was performed on all welded and machined surfaces. The units adopt woodward digital electrohydraulic control system 505. Markus jocker, phd, siemens industrial turbomachinery. Method for steam turbine halfshell alignment general. Our engineers are dedicated to drawing up plans and precisely manufacturing parts for your steam turbine machine. Steam turbine construction,steam turbine maintenance,steam turbine assembly process clearances,steam turbine assembly steam turbine assembly.
One is an impulse design in which the rotor turns as a result of the force of steam on the blades. Steam turbine engineering and maintenance has over 30 years experience engineering steam turbine buckets, diaphragms, nozzles, bolts, nuts, studs and many other turbine machine parts. Unit iii unit iii steam nozzles and turbines flow of steam through nozzles, shapes of nozzles, effect of friction, critical pressure. The nozzle steam path and low pressure lp diaphragm fit areas were. In 1924 krupp built the steam turbine locomotive t18 001, operational in. Read about how the cycle time for turning the outer and inner rings was reduced from 2 hours to 20 minutes. For example, one or more described embodiments may be applied to lstg fossil hprht and lp turbine sections. To fully answer your question, though, some introductory material is in order first.
As the high pressure steam flows from turbine inlet to turbine outlet, the thermal energy is extracted from the. The adjustable support bar of the present invention has a screw therein such that the adjustable support bar can raise or lower the upper half or. At the start of the steam turbomachinery era, diaphragms were. Ger3705 ge steam turbine design philosophy and technology. Although the areas repaired by welding would hold up, bwc found that the base metal adjacent to the welds would erode away. In an impulse turbine, the stage is a set of moving blades behind the nozzle.
A steam turbine has moving and fixed blades, the stationary blades are fixed onto the diaphragm. The moving blades are attached to the rotor while the stationary blades is called diaphragm. Partitions between pressure stages in a turbines casing are called diaphragms. Steam turbine diaphragm dishing repair general electric. Read about how the cycle time for turning the outer and inner. Jun 22, 1993 a steam turbine stationary blade diaphragm consisting of steam turbine blades with inner and outer rings which are integral with the blades to form a diaphragm structure of a particular design that avoids steam separation by selection of the blade parameters so as to cause a substantially continuous velocity increase over the major extent of the suction surface of the blade. The first steam turbine rail locomotive was built in 1908 for the officine meccaniche miani silvestri grodona comi, milan, italy. The present invention provides a steam turbine that has upper and lower halves of diaphragm. Aug 19, 2012 steam turbines construction of nozzles and diaphragm. More robust design of z joint diaphragm compared to standard split blade design to eliminate. Are you a person willing to work in industrial sectors then logon to steam turbine is a device that extracts thermal energy from pressurized steam and uses it to do mechanical work on a rotating output shaft. How is a steam turbine inlet nozzle block assembly different from a nozzle diaphragm assembly. Two basic types of steam turbine designs are available.
A support arrangement for a turbine diaphragm segment in a split turbine casing includes a semiannular diaphragm segment having a horizontal joint surface. Blade seals are used to prevent the steam leakage between the diaphragm and the shaft. Diaphragms for steam turbines both in welded and solid design. Steam turbine rotor vibration that results in premature failure of blades and other components is one of the most serious problems in power plant operations. Nov 18, 20 a steam turbine diaphragm is also a very difficult component to manufacture due to the following conflicting requirements. It occurs because of elevated temperatures and high stresses, which cause the steel to creep over time. The turbine operates with inlet steam conditions of 46 kpa, 371 c, and a backpressure of 550. Blade and diaphragm strength design is to ensure safe and reliable operation for the unit.
Modernization of steam turbine diaphragms for the saudi. Consider steam turbine drives for rotating equipment. This is the type of steam turbine that will be used in a bottoming cycle chp plant in which waste heat or energy from an industrial process is used to raise steam to generate electricity. Steam turbine basic parts mechanical engineering site. They hold the vaneshaped nozzles and seals between the stages. Classical turbine design methods were developed in the mid 19th century. Parts and repair services steam turbine solutions inc. Maintenance and overhaul of steam turbines wgp42 05.
Delivering cuttingedge turbine and generator technologies. Evolution in diaphragm manufacturing turbomachinery. The curtis stage turbine, as it came to be called, is composed of one stage of nozzles as the singlestage. And with ges technical knowhow, our steam turbines can be integrated seamlessly within all kind of power plants to ensure our customers operational success, satisfaction, and profitability. A steam turbine stationary blade diaphragm consisting of steam turbine blades with inner and outer rings which are integral with the blades to form a diaphragm structure of a particular design that avoids steam separation by selection of the blade parameters so as to cause a substantially continuous velocity increase over the major extent of the suction surface of the blade.
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